Which IV access is often used in the NICU for short-term purposes?

In the context of short-term IV access in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), the umbilical venous catheter is particularly suited for this purpose. The umbilical venous catheter is designed specifically for neonates and provides access directly to the central circulation via the umbilical vein shortly after birth. This method is advantageous because it allows for rapid administration of fluids, medications, and nutrition without the need for repeated needle sticks or peripheral access, which can be challenging in small infants.

This catheter can remain in place for several days to weeks, depending on the clinical needs and the infant's condition, making it a viable option for short-term intravenous therapy. Its placement is relatively simple compared to other types of central access, especially in urgent situations.

In contrast, other options like the peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) and the Broviac catheter are typically used for longer-term access. The PICC is inserted into a peripheral vein and threaded to a central vein, while the Broviac catheter is designed as a tunneled catheter for long-term access, and the permanent catheter is generally meant for chronic situations, making them less suitable for short-term IV needs.