What practice is considered a best approach to reduce hospital-acquired infections in the NICU?

Strict adherence to hand hygiene protocols is considered the best approach to reduce hospital-acquired infections in the NICU because hand hygiene is a fundamental infection control measure. Infections in neonatal patients can lead to serious complications and increased morbidity. The skin of neonates, particularly preterm infants, is particularly vulnerable, making it crucial for healthcare workers to consistently perform handwashing or use alcohol-based hand sanitizers before and after patient contact.

Studies have consistently shown that effective hand hygiene significantly decreases the transmission of pathogens in clinical settings. The transfer of organisms can occur through multiple avenues, including direct contact with the infant, contaminated surfaces, and healthcare personnel. Therefore, rigorous hand hygiene protocols establish a primary line of defense against infections, ultimately protecting vulnerable infant populations in the NICU.

While other practices such as implementing isolation protocols, limiting visitors, and using single-use equipment can contribute to infection control, they are secondary measures that do not have the same broad impact as consistent hand hygiene. Each of these practices can support a comprehensive infection prevention strategy, but they are ineffective if hand hygiene protocols are not strictly followed.