What is the primary purpose of ECMO in neonates?

The primary purpose of ECMO, or Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation, in neonates is to offer cardiorespiratory support during severe conditions. ECMO is a complex treatment used for critically ill infants whose heart and lungs are unable to function effectively on their own. This advanced therapy allows for the oxygenation of blood outside the body, removing carbon dioxide and providing a means for the heart and lungs to rest and heal.

In cases of severe respiratory failure, congenital heart defects, or other serious conditions affecting the cardiorespiratory system, ECMO becomes essential. It supports the infant’s oxygenation and circulation, enabling healthcare providers to stabilize the infant while simultaneously addressing the underlying clinical issues.

Other options, such as improving appetite or providing long-term solid food support, do not align with the primary function of ECMO, which is directed at sustaining life by addressing severe respiratory and cardiac distress rather than nutritional needs. The option about replacing all medications is also not relevant, as ECMO is not a substitute for pharmacological treatments; it serves a specific, supportive role during critical care scenarios.