What is the preferred first-line treatment for jaundice in neonates?

The preferred first-line treatment for jaundice in neonates is phototherapy. This method uses light to break down bilirubin in the skin, making it easier for the baby’s liver to process and eliminate the bilirubin, which is responsible for the yellowing of the skin and eyes in jaundice. Phototherapy is often effective, non-invasive, and can be initiated rapidly, making it suitable for the majority of jaundiced infants, especially those with elevated bilirubin levels that are not critically high.

Phototherapy involves placing the infant under a special light, which can be done in various ways, such as using overhead lights or bili-blankets. The procedure is generally safe, with minimal side effects, and allows for continued monitoring and care of the infant during treatment.

In contrast, other treatment options like exchange transfusion are reserved for more severe cases when bilirubin levels are critically high or when there are signs of hemolytic disease. Intravenous immunoglobulin may be used in cases of hemolytic disease due to blood group incompatibility but is not the first-line treatment for common neonatal jaundice. Corticosteroids are also not a standard treatment for jaundice and usually are not indicated unless there is an underlying condition that warrants their