What is a common risk factor that increases the likelihood of NICU admission?

Prematurity is a significant risk factor for NICU admission because infants born preterm (before 37 weeks of gestation) are more likely to face various medical complications that require specialized care. Preterm infants often have underdeveloped organs, particularly their lungs, heart, and brain, which can lead to respiratory distress syndrome, apnea, and difficulties in thermoregulation. They are also at a higher risk for infections, feeding intolerance, and jaundice due to immature liver function.

The need for close monitoring and support in a NICU setting arises from these complications, as preterm infants can require interventions such as continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for breathing support or intravenous fluids for feeding and hydration. Consequently, the higher the degree of prematurity, the greater the likelihood of being admitted to the NICU for care to improve their chances of survival and healthy development.